WEBVTT Kind: captions; language: en-us NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (H?Y) 00:00:02.700 --> 00:00:13.250 but then continuing with talking about ICF as a framework for assessment you could either use the CF 00:00:13.250 --> 00:00:24.300 model Princeton having that in front of you if You observe Behavior you could use it as a basis for 00:00:24.300 --> 00:00:26.250 interview for instance NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (H?Y) 00:00:26.250 --> 00:00:34.400 or for developing assessment tools such as (names of the Oasis developers) has done when they 00:00:34.400 --> 00:00:36.800 developed the Oasis NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:00:36.800 --> 00:00:50.500 and then the level of functioning would be the main main aspect that is assessed when using that as 00:00:50.500 --> 00:00:52.500 an assessment tool NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (H?Y) 00:00:55.200 --> 00:01:06.500 so for instance for person who stutter, of condition is stuttering what a functional structure the main 00:01:06.500 --> 00:01:19.400 thing here is that the person of difficulties with producing one's speech and then due to this person 00:01:19.400 --> 00:01:23.800 has difficulties in communication situation NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:01:24.700 --> 00:01:31.400 and this may lead to participation restrictions NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 82% (H?Y) 00:01:32.200 --> 00:01:43.800 and then to what extent is the involvement in bad situations affected by stuff for instance for 00:01:43.800 --> 00:01:46.400 children who stutter it can be NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 80% (H?Y) 00:01:46.400 --> 00:01:54.800 how and stuttering affect their involvement in school for instance NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 80% (H?Y) 00:01:56.400 --> 00:02:08.400 personal factors as we've talked about it might be coping behavior, how the person copes with the 00:02:08.400 --> 00:02:18.100 disorder might be the reactions the person have towards the disorder NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (H?Y) 00:02:18.400 --> 00:02:32.400 and when investigating this with young children or school-age children who stutter yeah this found 00:02:32.400 --> 00:02:43.550 that the reactions the children had toward the stuttering was very closely linked to activities 00:02:43.550 --> 00:02:48.900 activity limitation and also participation restrictions NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:02:51.100 --> 00:03:01.100 and as I said this may be related to these reactions in the children may be related to factors 00:03:01.100 --> 00:03:09.300 within the child but these reactions may also be linked to environmental factors so we see here that 00:03:09.300 --> 00:03:18.700 the contextual factors may be intertwined and also affecting each other for instance if you're 00:03:18.700 --> 00:03:20.000 reacting to your stuttering NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (H?Y) 00:03:20.000 --> 00:03:29.600 change and then you're experiencing teasing or others doing something with their eyes for instance NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 73% (MEDIUM) 00:03:29.600 --> 00:03:39.899 and you might have more reactions might feel that your level of anxiety increases and that might 00:03:39.899 --> 00:03:52.400 cause you to experience more tension you are so full of anxiety that your whole body is tense and we 00:03:52.400 --> 00:03:59.750 all know that if your body sends then it's very difficult to produce words, to produce speech NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 74% (MEDIUM) 00:03:59.750 --> 00:04:05.700 and that might cause even more the stuttered speech NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:04:05.900 --> 00:04:19.300 and experiences with more severe stuttering may also affect participation in in life situations NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 82% (H?Y) 00:04:19.500 --> 00:04:31.700 so all of these as you see with the arrows in them model are linked together and for some people the 00:04:31.700 --> 00:04:43.500 arrows are the strongest between some components and not others and for others it's very 00:04:43.500 --> 00:04:46.700 closely related all of it NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 78% (H?Y) 00:04:49.100 --> 00:04:59.800 yes of and what I also wanted to mention is that you might have lots of reactions to yourself and 00:04:59.800 --> 00:05:07.700 then also it might be that in some environments there's lots of time pressure for instance and time 00:05:07.700 --> 00:05:16.050 pressure is known to have a negative influence on fluency of speech so that may make it even NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 73% (MEDIUM) 00:05:16.050 --> 00:05:25.300 even more difficult to produce fluent speech or two it may make it the difficulties they experienced 00:05:25.300 --> 00:05:35.400 difficulties in communication situation much larger than in situations where the time pressure is 00:05:35.400 --> 00:05:37.550 not present NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:05:37.550 --> 00:05:48.500 so for people who stutter and these environmental factors can be very varying from situation to 00:05:48.500 --> 00:05:57.600 situation and also from environments to environments or some children may be that there stuttering a 00:05:57.600 --> 00:06:02.800 lot in kindergarten for instance it's hectic you have to really, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:06:03.800 --> 00:06:13.600 you have to be really aggressive to say something for instance because you're not listening to 00:06:13.600 --> 00:06:20.300 because there's so many children there for instance while at home there's a slower pace you might be 00:06:20.300 --> 00:06:28.800 the only child and parents are listening to you and it might be that you have more fluent speech but for 00:06:28.800 --> 00:06:32.450 other children or older NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 65% (MEDIUM) 00:06:32.450 --> 00:06:44.500 once as well and might be that these factors do not affect that much or it may affect so this is 00:06:44.500 --> 00:06:53.700 very highly variable across across people but what we know is that stuttering is about a variable and 00:06:53.700 --> 00:07:00.400 disorder that indeed can be affected by environmental factors NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:07:04.400 --> 00:07:06.700 yeah NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 82% (H?Y) 00:07:11.600 --> 00:07:25.299 we also see that when we investigate their severity of the stuttering the body function as rated by 00:07:25.299 --> 00:07:35.300 stuttering but also rated by children themselves we see association between severity and activity 00:07:35.300 --> 00:07:40.000 limitation and also participant patient restrictions NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:07:40.500 --> 00:07:51.200 so it indicates that body structure and function is linked to this but environmental and personal 00:07:51.200 --> 00:08:00.700 factors are also playing a significant role because it does not does not alone explained stuttering 00:08:00.700 --> 00:08:04.400 difficulties in communication situations NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 78% (H?Y) 00:08:06.300 --> 00:08:17.250 here I've made a case for you it's about Rebecca and she's been suffering since she was 3 years old 00:08:17.250 --> 00:08:24.300 now she's 15 stuttering Is frequent and she has some long lasting stuttering moments with much 00:08:24.300 --> 00:08:33.650 struggle or oral activity in class is minimal and that is reflected in her grades she's skip school 00:08:33.650 --> 00:08:37.200 when she has oral presentations for the class NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (H?Y) 00:08:37.200 --> 00:08:45.300 she has two good friends that she spends much time with and she avoids social arrangements in 00:08:45.300 --> 00:08:55.600 general she has experience with bullying and some issues some of her teachers our understanding of 00:08:55.600 --> 00:09:04.950 them are stuttering but some are not and she's meeting the attitude why can't you just stand up and 00:09:04.950 --> 00:09:06.300 and NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:09:06.300 --> 00:09:13.200 talk out loud then use your techniques for instance NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:09:14.700 --> 00:09:24.150 to produce fluent speech but she has not received speech therapy regularly NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 78% (H?Y) 00:09:24.150 --> 00:09:34.900 and what I think you can do either now or you can do it in the seminar is to take this information 00:09:34.900 --> 00:09:44.150 but you found in this case and sort of map it on the ICF model see where does this different 00:09:44.150 --> 00:09:52.400 information fit what do we know about the Rebecca and maybe you can also try and and discuss between 00:09:52.400 --> 00:09:53.750 each other NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (H?Y) 00:09:53.750 --> 00:10:02.400 what is your impression of Rebecca and how stuttering effects her NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 80% (H?Y) 00:10:02.400 --> 00:10:09.800 life and I her functioning and participation in their life NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (H?Y) 00:10:09.800 --> 00:10:21.800 but I hope you can you can look at this case and I also hope that you can discuss other cases and go 00:10:21.800 --> 00:10:29.700 into the model and and use it and see what kind of information fits wear and also discuss how this 00:10:29.700 --> 00:10:36.800 can how this information relates to the other information and how it can affect each other NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 69% (MEDIUM) 00:10:37.100 --> 00:10:39.600 great