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              <h1>
      
        ARK2130 – From the Bronze Age to the Vikings and Beyond. Archaeological Analysis of Past Technology
      </h1>
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                <h2>Course description</h2>
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          <h2>Schedule, syllabus and examination date</h2>
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          <li>
        
          <a href="/studier/emner/hf/iakh/ARK2130/v26/index.html">
          
            Spring 2026
            
          
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          <a href="/studier/emner/hf/iakh/ARK2130/v25/index.html">
          
            Spring 2025
            
          
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          <a href="/studier/emner/hf/iakh/ARK2130/v24/index.html">
          
            Spring 2024
            
          
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          <a href="/studier/emner/hf/iakh/ARK2130/v23/index.html">
          
            Spring 2023
            
          
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            Spring 2022
            
          
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          <h2 id="course_content">Course content</h2>
          <p>The course provides a general understanding of metal and ceramic technology and seeks to relate manufacture and use of artefacts to their relevant social contexts in the Bronze Age, the Iron Age and the Medieval Period in the Nordic region.</p><p>Combined with insights from ethnography and ethnoarchaeology in various parts of the world, you will learn how items of bronze, iron and clay were manufactured and used, and gain insight into the artefacts’ find context on sites from the Bronze Age, the Iron Age and the Medieval Period.</p><p>The course has a prominent practical component where the theory form the lectures will be put into practice. In the laboratories prepared bags of selected materials and accompanying work sheets will be distributed. These weekly meetings are informal and a lively discussion of the selected material, the technology and its social links is encouraged.</p>
        
      
        
        
          
            
          
          <h2 id="learning_outcomes">Learning outcome</h2>
          <p>In this course you will:</p><ul><li>Learn the most important aspects of metal and ceramic technology. Through the use of the cha?ne opératoire approach and seeing objects as having biographies, you will be able to recognize main stages of production and to identify types of raw material used in the manufacture of artefacts.</li><li>Learn how to relate the use of objects to their social context. You will develop a thorough understanding of the various stages in metal and ceramic technology and the specific technology’s place within the wider society.</li><li>Obtain the relevant skills to scientifically study museum collections of bronze, iron and clay objects from the Bronze Age, the Iron Age and the Medieval Period in the Nordic region.</li><li>Be able to draw valid conclusions about production and the wider social aspects of manufacture and use of objects.</li></ul>
        
      
        
        
          
            
          
          <h2 id="admission">Admission to the course</h2>
          <p>Students who are admitted to study programmes at UiO must each semester register which courses and exams they wish to sign up for <a href="http://www.uio.no/english/studies/registrations/course-registration/">in Studentweb</a>.</p><p>If you are not already enrolled as a student at UiO, please see our information about <a href="http://www.uio.no/english/studies/admission/">admission requirements and procedures</a>.</p>
        
      

              
        
        
      
        
        
      
        
        
          
            
            
          
          <h3 id="recommended-knowledge">Recommended previous knowledge</h3>
          <p><a href="/studier/emner/hf/iakh/ARK1000/index.html">ARK1000 – Innf?ring i arkeologi</a> and <a href="/studier/emner/hf/iakh/ARK1030/index.html">ARK1030 – Jernalder- og middelalderarkeologi i Nord-Europa med vekt p? Norden</a>, or other introductory level courses in archaeology is recommended before taking this course.</p>
        
      
              
      <h2 id="overlapping-courses">Overlapping courses</h2>
      <ul>
      
      
        
        
        <li>
          10
          credits overlap with
          
            <a href="/studier/emner/hf/iakh/ARK4130/index.html">ARK4130 – From the Bronze Age to the Vikings and Beyond. Archaeological Analysis of Past Technology</a>.
        </li>
        
      
      
      </ul>
      
              
        
        
          
            
          
          <h2 id="teaching">Teaching</h2>
          <p>There will be 9 lectures and 6 practical laboratory sessions (based on 6 of the lectures).</p><p>It is compulsory to attend all the lab sessions and at least 5 of the general lectures. Any absence from compulsory activity must be documented and applied for. This is how you apply for a valid absence from compulsory activities/compulsory attendance: <a href="/english/studies/examinations/compulsory-activities/hf-oblig.html">Absence from compulsory Activity/attendance</a></p><p>Qualifier</p><p>The students have to submit 6 practical assignments, based of the lab sessions, during the course. All assignments must be approved before the students submit their final essay.</p><p>A student who has completed compulsory instruction and coursework and has had these approved, is not entitled to repeat that instruction and coursework. A student who has been admitted to a course, but who has not completed compulsory instruction and coursework or had these approved, is entitled to repeat that instruction and coursework, depending on available capacity.</p>
        
      
              
        
        
      
              
        
        
          
            
          
          <h2 id="exam">Examination</h2>
          <p>The final examination is an independent essay on a related topic</p><ul><li>The length of your paper should be approximately 5 pages. We consider a standard page to be 2300 characters without spacing.</li><li>It is recommended to use as much of the syllabus as possible in the essay.</li><li>Do not write your name in your exam (term paper). Use your <strong>candidate number.</strong> It is a <u><strong>four digit</strong></u> number which you will find next to your exam registration in StudentWeb. You are given a unique candidate number for each exam.</li><li>The paper should have a front page stating your candidate number, the course code and name, and the semester and year.</li><li>The front page, bibliography and footnotes are not included in the page count.</li><li>Please remember to insert page numbers.</li><li>The students are responsible for their upload. Unreadable or unfinished documents will be graded thereafter.</li></ul>
        
      
              
        
        
      
        
        
          
            
          
          <h3 id="exam_language">Language of examination</h3>
          <p>The examination text is given in English.You may submit your response in Norwegian, Swedish, Danish or English.</p>
        
      
        
        
          
            
          
          <h3 id="grading_scale">Grading scale</h3>
          <p>Grades are awarded on a scale from A to F, where A is the best grade and F is a fail. Read more about <a href="http://www.uio.no/english/studies/examinations/grading-system/">the grading system</a>.</p>
        
      
        
        
      
              
                  <h3>More about examinations at UiO</h3>

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	<li><a href="/english/studies/examinations/sources-citations/">Use of sources and citations</a></li>
	<li><a href="/english/studies/resources/ai_student.html">How to use AI as a student</a></li>
	<li><a href="/english/studies/examinations/special-arrangements/">Special exam arrangements due to individual needs</a></li>
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<p>You will find further guides and resources at <a href="/english/studies/examinations/">the web page on examinations at UiO</a>.</p>


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              <div class="vrtx-date-info">
                <span class="last-updated-label" title="Studinfo2">Last updated from FS (Felles studentsystem)</span>
                <span class="last-updated">Apr. 11, 2026 11:58:06 PM</span>
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        <h2>Facts about this course</h2>
        <dl>
          
          
          
          
          
          
            
              
                
              
              
            
            <dt>Level</dt>
            <dd>
              
              
                Bachelor
              
            </dd>
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
            
              
                
              
              
            
            <dt>Credits</dt>
            <dd>
              
              
                10
              
            </dd>
          
          
          
          
          
          
             
          
          
            
              
                
              
              
            
            <dt>Teaching</dt>
            <dd>
              
              
                
        Spring
      
      
      
              
            </dd>
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
            
              
                
              
              
            
            <dt>Examination</dt>
            <dd>
              
              
                
        
          Spring
        
      
      
              
            </dd>
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
            
              
                
              
              
            
            <dt>Teaching language</dt>
            <dd>
              
              
                
         
           
           
           English
           
           
         
       
              
            </dd>
          
          
          
          
          
          
             
          
          
          
          
          
        </dl>
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              <div class="vrtx-frontpage-box">
                <h2>Contact</h2>
                    <p><a href="http://www.hf.uio.no/iakh/english/studies/contact/">Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History</a></p>

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