The doctoral education consists of a dissertation and an educational component. The educational component comprises at least 30 credits of the programme. Within the programme there are opportunities for study abroad periods, interdisciplinary collaboration and participation in research schools.
By the end of the doctoral education, the PhD degree is awarded based on the following:
1. Satisfactory completion of the educational component.
2. An approved scientific dissertation.
3. Satisfactory performance on the PhD examination.
The PhD examination consists of a trial lecture and public defence of the dissertation.